Это интересно

  • ОКД
  • ЗКС
  • ИПО
  • КНПВ
  • Мондиоринг
  • Большой ринг
  • Французский ринг
  • Аджилити
  • Фризби

Опрос

Какой уровень дрессировки необходим Вашей собаке?
 

Полезные ссылки

РКФ

 

Все о дрессировке собак


Стрижка собак в Коломне

Поиск по сайту

Главная » Журнал » Mad журнал

Mad (журнал). Mad журнал


Mad (журнал) - WikiVisually

1. Соединённые Штаты Америки – Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci

2. DC Comics – DC Comics, Inc. is an American comic book publisher. It is the unit of DC Entertainment, a subsidiary of Warner Bros. Entertainment, Inc. a division of Time Warner, the company has also published non-DC Universe-related material, including Watchmen, V for Vendetta and many titles under their alternative imprint Vertigo. The initials DC came from the popular series Detective Comics. Random House distributes DC Comics books to the market, while Diamond Comic Distributors supplies the comics shop specialty market. DC Comics and its major, longtime competitor Marvel Comics together shared 70% of the American comic book market in 2016, entrepreneur Major Malcolm Wheeler-Nicholson founded National Allied Publications in autumn 1934. The company debuted with the tabloid-sized New Fun, The Big Comic Magazine #1 with a date of February 1935. That title evolved into Adventure Comics, which continued through issue #503 in 1983, in 2009 DC revived Adventure Comics with its original numbering. In 1935, Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster, the creators of Superman, created Doctor Occult. Wheeler-Nicholsons third and final title, Detective Comics, advertised with a cover illustration dated December 1936, the themed anthology series would become a sensation with the introduction of Batman in issue #27. By then, however, Wheeler-Nicholson had gone, Detective Comics, Inc. was formed, with Wheeler-Nicholson and Jack S. Liebowitz, Donenfelds accountant, listed as owners. Major Wheeler-Nicholson remained for a year, but cash-flow problems continued, shortly afterward, Detective Comics, Inc. purchased the remains of National Allied, also known as Nicholson Publishing, at a bankruptcy auction. Detective Comics, Inc. soon launched a fourth title, Action Comics, Action Comics #1, the first comic book to feature the new character archetype—soon known as superheroes—proved a sales hit. The company quickly introduced such popular characters as the Sandman and Batman. That year, Gaines let Liebowitz buy him out, and kept only Picture Stories from the Bible as the foundation of his own new company, at that point, Liebowitz promptly orchestrated the merger of All-American and Detective Comics into National Comics. Next he took charge of organizing National Comics, Independent News, National Periodical Publications became publicly traded on the stock market in 1961. The company began to move aggressively against what it saw as copyright-violating imitations from other companies, such as Fox Comics Wonder Man and this extended to DC suing Fawcett Comics over Captain Marvel, at the time comics top-selling character. Despite the fact that parallels between Captain Marvel and Superman seemed more tenuous, the courts ruled that substantial and deliberate copying of copyrighted material had occurred, faced with declining sales and the prospect of bankruptcy if it lost, Fawcett capitulated in 1955 and ceased comics publication

3. Time Warner – Time Warner Inc. is an American multinational media and entertainment conglomerate headquartered in New York City. It is currently the third largest entertainment company in terms of revenue, after Comcast. It was also once the worlds largest media conglomerate, Time Warner was first founded in 1990 with the merger of Time Inc. and Warner Communications. The current company consists largely of the assets of the former Warner Communications, Time Warner currently has major operations in film and television, with a limited amount in publishing operations. Among its most popular assets are HBO, Turner Broadcasting System, The CW Television Network, CNN, DC Comics, and as of August 2016, Hulu, owning 10%. In the past, other divisions of Time Warner included Time Inc. AOL, Time Warner Cable, Warner Books and Warner Music Group, all of these operations were either sold to other investors or spun off as independent companies from 2004 to 2014. On October 22,2016, AT&T announced its intent to acquire Time Warner for $108.7 billion, Time Warner consists of three divisions, Home Box Office Inc. Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. and Warner Bros. Home Box Office Inc. operates the namesake HBO premium television service as well as sister service Cinemax, hBO- and Cinemax-branded channels are currently available in over 70 countries around the world, and HBO programming is licensed to other television networks in over 150 countries. In 2012, HBO was the #1 premium pay television service in primetime television, in 2013, the network received five Golden Globes and 23 primetime Emmy Awards. HBO’s programming includes the airing of feature films, HBO Documentary Films, HBO original films, the network has developed content distribution platforms, like HBO GO and Max GO to help support and deliver programming to users via online and mobile devices. In 2011, Cinemax launched its first original series, Strike Back. Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. operates international news, entertainment, animation, young adult, Turner brands include CNN, HLN, TNT, TBS, Cartoon Network, Turner Classic Movies, truTV, Turner Sports, and more. Turners brands and sub brands reach broad domestic and international audiences, in addition to television network programming, Turner manages digital sports entities, including bleacherreport. com NBA. com, PGA. com and NCAA. com. Turner Sports produces sports programming and content for the Turner Networks, Turner Sports’ television line-up includes NBA and MLB games, the NCAA Tournament Games, and the PGA Championship. Turner operates PGA. com and related properties of the PGA under agreements with the PGA. Pictures Group grossed 4.3 billion dollars at the box office. Home Video is the leader with a 21% market share in total DVD

4. Международный стандартный серийный номер – An International Standard Serial Number is an eight-digit serial number used to uniquely identify a serial publication. The ISSN is especially helpful in distinguishing between serials with the same title, ISSN are used in ordering, cataloging, interlibrary loans, and other practices in connection with serial literature. The ISSN system was first drafted as an International Organization for Standardization international standard in 1971, ISO subcommittee TC 46/SC9 is responsible for maintaining the standard. When a serial with the content is published in more than one media type. For example, many serials are published both in print and electronic media, the ISSN system refers to these types as print ISSN and electronic ISSN, respectively. The format of the ISSN is an eight digit code, divided by a hyphen into two four-digit numbers, as an integer number, it can be represented by the first seven digits. The last code digit, which may be 0-9 or an X, is a check digit. Formally, the form of the ISSN code can be expressed as follows, NNNN-NNNC where N is in the set, a digit character. The ISSN of the journal Hearing Research, for example, is 0378-5955, where the final 5 is the check digit, for calculations, an upper case X in the check digit position indicates a check digit of 10. To confirm the check digit, calculate the sum of all eight digits of the ISSN multiplied by its position in the number, the modulus 11 of the sum must be 0. There is an online ISSN checker that can validate an ISSN, ISSN codes are assigned by a network of ISSN National Centres, usually located at national libraries and coordinated by the ISSN International Centre based in Paris. The International Centre is an organization created in 1974 through an agreement between UNESCO and the French government. The International Centre maintains a database of all ISSNs assigned worldwide, at the end of 2016, the ISSN Register contained records for 1,943,572 items. ISSN and ISBN codes are similar in concept, where ISBNs are assigned to individual books, an ISBN might be assigned for particular issues of a serial, in addition to the ISSN code for the serial as a whole. An ISSN, unlike the ISBN code, is an identifier associated with a serial title. For this reason a new ISSN is assigned to a serial each time it undergoes a major title change, separate ISSNs are needed for serials in different media. Thus, the print and electronic versions of a serial need separate ISSNs. Also, a CD-ROM version and a web version of a serial require different ISSNs since two different media are involved, however, the same ISSN can be used for different file formats of the same online serial

5. Журналистика – Journalism is the production and distribution of reports on the interaction of events, facts, ideas, and people that are the news of the day and that informs society to at least some degree. The word applies to the occupation, the methods of gathering information, journalistic media include, print, television, radio, Internet, and, in the past, newsreels. Concepts of the role for journalism varies between countries. In some nations, the media is controlled by a government intervention. In others, the media is independent from the government. In the United States, journalism is protected by the freedom of the clause in the First Amendment. The role and status of journalism, along with that of the media, has undergone changes over the last two decades with the advent of digital technology and publication of news on the Internet. Notably, in the American media landscape, newsrooms have reduced their staff and coverage as traditional media channels, such as television, for instance, between 2007 and 2012, CNN edited its story packages into nearly half of their original time length. This compactness in coverage has been linked to broad audience attrition, in the United States, journalism is produced by media organizations or by individuals. Bloggers are often, but not always, journalists, the Federal Trade Commission requires that bloggers who receive free promotional gifts, then write about products, must disclose that they received the products for free. This is to eliminate conflicts of interest and protect consumers, fake news is news that is not truthful or is produced by unreliable media organizations. Fake news is spread on social media. Readers can determine fake news by evaluating whether the news has been published by a news organization. In the US, a news organization is an incorporated entity, has an editorial board. All of these organizations have codes of ethics that members abide by, many news organizations have their own codes of ethics that guide journalists professional publications. The New York Times code of standards and ethics is considered particularly rigorous, when they write stories, journalists are concerned with issues of objectivity and bias. Some types of stories are intended to represent the authors own opinion, in a physical newspaper, information is organized into sections and it is easy to see which stories are supposed to be opinion and which are supposed to be neutral. Online, many of these distinctions break down, readers should pay careful attention to headings and other design elements to ensure that they understand the journalists intent

6. Коллаж – Collage is a technique of an art production, primarily used in the visual arts, where the artwork is made from an assemblage of different forms, thus creating a new whole. The origins of collage can be traced back hundreds of years, the term collage was coined by both Georges Braque and Pablo Picasso in the beginning of the 20th century when collage became a distinctive part of modern art. Techniques of collage were first used at the time of the invention of paper in China, around 200 BC. The use of collage, however, wasnt used by many people until the 10th century in Japan, when began to apply glued paper, using texts on surfaces. The technique of collage appeared in medieval Europe during the 13th century, gold leaf panels started to be applied in Gothic cathedrals around the 15th and 16th centuries. Gemstones and other metals were applied to religious images, icons. An 18th-century example of art can be found in the work of Mary Delany. In the 19th century, collage methods also were used among hobbyists for memorabilia, the exhibition later traveled to The Metropolitan Museum of Art and The Art Gallery of Ontario. For example, the Tate Gallerys online art glossary states that collage was first used as a technique in the twentieth century. The glued-on patches which Braque and Picasso added to their canvases offered a new perspective on painting when the patches collided with the plane of the painting. Collage in the modernist sense began with Cubist painters Georges Braque, according to some sources, Picasso was the first to use the collage technique in oil paintings. According to the Guggenheim Museums online article about collage, Braque took up the concept of collage itself before Picasso, applying it to charcoal drawings. Picasso adopted collage immediately after, It was Braque who purchased a roll of simulated oak-grain wallpaper and began cutting out pieces of the paper, Picasso immediately began to make his own experiments in the new medium. In 1912 for his Still Life with Chair Caning, Picasso pasted a patch of oilcloth with a design onto the canvas of the piece. Surrealist artists have made use of collage. Cubomania is a made by cutting an image into squares which are then reassembled automatically or at random. Collages produced using a similar, or perhaps identical, method are called etrécissements by Marcel Mariën from a method first explored by Mariën, surrealist games such as parallel collage use collective techniques of collage making. Many of these artists used techniques in their work

7. Манхэттен – Manhattan is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and the citys historical birthplace. The borough is coextensive with New York County, founded on November 1,1683, Manhattan is often described as the cultural and financial capital of the world and hosts the United Nations Headquarters. Many multinational media conglomerates are based in the borough and it is historically documented to have been purchased by Dutch colonists from Native Americans in 1626 for 60 guilders which equals US$1062 today. New York County is the United States second-smallest county by land area, on business days, the influx of commuters increases that number to over 3.9 million, or more than 170,000 people per square mile. Manhattan has the third-largest population of New York Citys five boroughs, after Brooklyn and Queens, the City of New York was founded at the southern tip of Manhattan, and the borough houses New York City Hall, the seat of the citys government. The name Manhattan derives from the word Manna-hata, as written in the 1609 logbook of Robert Juet, a 1610 map depicts the name as Manna-hata, twice, on both the west and east sides of the Mauritius River. The word Manhattan has been translated as island of hills from the Lenape language. The United States Postal Service prefers that mail addressed to Manhattan use New York, NY rather than Manhattan, the area that is now Manhattan was long inhabited by the Lenape Native Americans. In 1524, Florentine explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano – sailing in service of King Francis I of France – was the first European to visit the area that would become New York City. It was not until the voyage of Henry Hudson, an Englishman who worked for the Dutch East India Company, a permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624 with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island. In 1625, construction was started on the citadel of Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island, later called New Amsterdam, the 1625 establishment of Fort Amsterdam at the southern tip of Manhattan Island is recognized as the birth of New York City. In 1846, New York historian John Romeyn Brodhead converted the figure of Fl 60 to US$23, variable-rate myth being a contradiction in terms, the purchase price remains forever frozen at twenty-four dollars, as Edwin G. Burrows and Mike Wallace remarked in their history of New York. Sixty guilders in 1626 was valued at approximately $1,000 in 2006, based on the price of silver, Straight Dope author Cecil Adams calculated an equivalent of $72 in 1992. In 1647, Peter Stuyvesant was appointed as the last Dutch Director General of the colony, New Amsterdam was formally incorporated as a city on February 2,1653. In 1664, the English conquered New Netherland and renamed it New York after the English Duke of York and Albany, the Dutch Republic regained it in August 1673 with a fleet of 21 ships, renaming the city New Orange. Manhattan was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of battles in the early American Revolutionary War. The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on November 16,1776. The city, greatly damaged by the Great Fire of New York during the campaign, became the British political, British occupation lasted until November 25,1783, when George Washington returned to Manhattan, as the last British forces left the city

8. Мэдисон-авеню – Madison Avenue is a north-south avenue in the borough of Manhattan in New York City, United States, that carries northbound one-way traffic. It runs from Madison Square to meet the southbound Harlem River Drive at 142nd Street, in doing so, it passes through Midtown, the Upper East Side, East Harlem, and Harlem. It is named after and arises from Madison Square, which is named after James Madison. Ruggles who had purchased and developed New Yorks Gramercy Park in 1831, who was in part responsible for the development of Union Square. Since the 1920s, the name has been metonymous with the American advertising industry. Therefore, the term Madison Avenue refers specifically to the agencies, Madison Avenue techniques refers, according to William Safire, to the gimmicky, slick use of the communications media to play on emotions. Between East 135th Street and East 142nd Street, Madison Avenue carries southbound traffic only, the term Madison Avenue is often used metonymically for advertising, and Madison Avenue became identified with the American advertising industry after the explosive growth in this area in the 1920s. In recent decades, many agencies have left Madison Avenue, with some moving further downtown and others moving west. The continued presence of large agencies in the city makes New York the third largest job market per capita in the U. S. in 2016 according to a study by marketing recruitment firm MarketPro. Today, only a few agencies are located in the old business cluster on Madison Avenue, including StrawberryFrog, TBWA Worldwide. However, the term is used to describe the agency business as a whole and large. Madison Square is formed by the intersection of Fifth Avenue and Broadway at 23rd Street, the square was named for James Madison, fourth President of the United States. The focus of the square is Madison Square Park, a 6, the first Garden was a former rail station that was converted into an open-air circus venue by P. T. Barnum in 1871 and was renamed Madison Square Garden in 1879. The original Garden was demolished in 1889 and replaced by a new arena designed by Stanford White that opened the following year. The second Garden had a statue of the Roman goddess Diana on the tower of the sports arena. When it moved to a new building at 50th Street and Eighth Avenue in 1925 it kept its old name, Madison Square Garden is now located at Eighth Avenue between 31st and 33rd Street, however, it still retains the name. These buses use a bus lane between 42nd and 59th Street, but the bus lane is not present in any other portion of the avenue. In July 1987, then New York City Mayor Edward Koch proposed banning bicycling on Fifth, Park and Madison Avenues during weekdays, but many bicyclists protested and had the ban overturned

9. Warner Bros. – Entertainment Inc. – colloquially known as Warner Bros. or Warner Bros. It is one of the Big Six major American film studios, Warner Bros. is a member of the Motion Picture Association of America. The companys name originated from the four founding Warner brothers, Harry, Albert, Sam, Jack, the youngest, was born in London, Ontario. The three elder brothers began in the theater business, having acquired a movie projector with which they showed films in the mining towns of Pennsylvania. In the beginning, Sam and Albert Warner invested $150 to present Life of an American Fireman and they opened their first theater, the Cascade, in New Castle, Pennsylvania, in 1903. When the original building was in danger of being demolished, the modern Warner Bros. called the current building owners, the owners noted people across the country had asked them to protect it for its historical significance. In 1904, the Warners founded the Pittsburgh-based Duquesne Amusement & Supply Company, in 1912, Harry Warner hired an auditor named Paul Ashley Chase. By the time of World War I they had begun producing films, in 1918 they opened the first Warner Bros. studio on Sunset Boulevard in Hollywood. Sam and Jack produced the pictures, while Harry and Albert, along with their auditor and now controller Chase, handled finance and distribution in New York City. During World War I their first nationally syndicated film, My Four Years in Germany, on April 4,1923, with help from money loaned to Harry by his banker Motley Flint, they formally incorporated as Warner Brothers Pictures, Incorporated. The first important deal was the acquisition of the rights to Avery Hopwoods 1919 Broadway play, The Gold Diggers, however, Rin Tin Tin, a dog brought from France after World War I by an American soldier, established their reputation. Rin Tin Tin debuted in the feature Where the North Begins, the movie was so successful that Jack signed the dog to star in more films for $1,000 per week. Rin Tin Tin became the top star. Jack nicknamed him The Mortgage Lifter and the success boosted Darryl F. Zanucks career, Zanuck eventually became a top producer and between 1928 and 1933 served as Jacks right-hand man and executive producer, with responsibilities including day-to-day film production. More success came after Ernst Lubitsch was hired as head director, lubitschs film The Marriage Circle was the studios most successful film of 1924, and was on The New York Times best list for that year. Despite the success of Rin Tin Tin and Lubitsch, Warners remained a lesser studio, Sam and Jack decided to offer Broadway actor John Barrymore the lead role in Beau Brummel. The film was so successful that Harry signed Barrymore to a contract, like The Marriage Circle. By the end of 1924, Warner Bros. was arguably Hollywoods most successful independent studio, as the studio prospered, it gained backing from Wall Street, and in 1924 Goldman Sachs arranged a major loan

10. The New York Times – The New York Times is an American daily newspaper, founded and continuously published in New York City since September 18,1851, by The New York Times Company. The New York Times has won 119 Pulitzer Prizes, more than any other newspaper, the papers print version in 2013 had the second-largest circulation, behind The Wall Street Journal, and the largest circulation among the metropolitan newspapers in the US. The New York Times is ranked 18th in the world by circulation, following industry trends, its weekday circulation had fallen in 2009 to fewer than one million. Nicknamed The Gray Lady, The New York Times has long been regarded within the industry as a newspaper of record. The New York Times international version, formerly the International Herald Tribune, is now called the New York Times International Edition, the papers motto, All the News Thats Fit to Print, appears in the upper left-hand corner of the front page. On Sunday, The New York Times is supplemented by the Sunday Review, The New York Times Book Review, The New York Times Magazine and T, some other early investors of the company were Edwin B. Morgan and Edward B. We do not believe that everything in Society is either right or exactly wrong, —what is good we desire to preserve and improve, —what is evil, to exterminate. In 1852, the started a western division, The Times of California that arrived whenever a mail boat got to California. However, when local California newspapers came into prominence, the effort failed, the newspaper shortened its name to The New-York Times in 1857. It dropped the hyphen in the city name in the 1890s, One of the earliest public controversies it was involved with was the Mortara Affair, the subject of twenty editorials it published alone. At Newspaper Row, across from City Hall, Henry Raymond, owner and editor of The New York Times, averted the rioters with Gatling guns, in 1869, Raymond died, and George Jones took over as publisher. Tweed offered The New York Times five million dollars to not publish the story, in the 1880s, The New York Times transitioned gradually from editorially supporting Republican Party candidates to becoming more politically independent and analytical. In 1884, the paper supported Democrat Grover Cleveland in his first presidential campaign, while this move cost The New York Times readership among its more progressive and Republican readers, the paper eventually regained most of its lost ground within a few years. However, the newspaper was financially crippled by the Panic of 1893, the paper slowly acquired a reputation for even-handedness and accurate modern reporting, especially by the 1890s under the guidance of Ochs. Under Ochs guidance, continuing and expanding upon the Henry Raymond tradition, The New York Times achieved international scope, circulation, in 1910, the first air delivery of The New York Times to Philadelphia began. The New York Times first trans-Atlantic delivery by air to London occurred in 1919 by dirigible, airplane Edition was sent by plane to Chicago so it could be in the hands of Republican convention delegates by evening. In the 1940s, the extended its breadth and reach. The crossword began appearing regularly in 1942, and the section in 1946

wikivisually.com

Mad (журнал) — Википедия

Mad (рус. безумный, бешеный) — американский сатирический журнал, основанный в 1952 году редактором Харви Курцманом (англ. Harvey Kurtzman) и издателем Уильямом Гейнсом (англ. William Gaines). Изначально выпускаемый как книга комиксов, Mad вскоре превратился в полноценный журнал, который стал примером для других изданий и оказал влияние не только на свой сектор журналистики, но и на культуру общества конца XX века в целом. На пике популярности в 1970-е годы под руководством редактора Эла Фелдстейна (англ. Al Feldstein) журнал выходил тиражом более 2 миллионов экземпляров.

Журнал является единственным оставшимся изданием из известной компании EC Comics. Он предлагает читателям сатирические публикацию на темы современного общества, популярной культуры, политики и индустрии развлечений. В своём составе имеет как повторяющиеся темы, например, пародии на теле- и кинопродукцию, так и оригинальные статьи свободной формы. Символом Mad является Альфред Е. Нойман (англ. Alfred E. Neuman), неоднократно появлявшийся на обложке как сам по себе, так и в коллажах на злободневные темы.

История журнала

Первый номер журнала появился в продаже в августе 1952 (номер за октябрь–ноябрь). Издателем новой книги комиксов Mad выступила компания EC Comics, расположенная в нижнем Манхэттене на Лафайет-стрит. В начале 1960-х годов редакция переехала на Мэдисон-авеню, новый адрес был обыгран в журнале: «485 MADison Avenue» («MAD» заглавными буквами является зарегистрированной торговой маркой журнала).

Содержание первого номера был практически полностью подготовлено Харви Курцманом, иллюстрации кроме него выполнили Уолли Вуд, Уилл Элдер, Джек Дэвис и Джон Северин. Вуд, Элдер и Дэвис стали основными карикатуристами журнала на следующие 23 номера.

Начиная с номера 24 за июль 1955 года издание стало выходить в виде полноценного журнала. Гейнс, издатель Mad, пошёл на этот шаг, чтобы сохранить на посту редактора Курцмана, который получил выгодное предложение от конкурентов. Курцман проработал ещё год, и в 1956 году его сменил Эл Фелдстейн (англ. Al Feldstein). Однако расширение принесло дополнительную выгоду: журнал вышел из-под ограничений, накладываемых на комиксы регулирующей организацией Comics Code Authority. Фелдстейн привлёк в команду таких карикатуристов, как Дон Мартин, Фрэнк Якобс, Морт Дракер, Антонио Прохиас, Дейв Берг и Серджио Арагонес. В 1974 году тираж обновлённого Mad достиг 2 132 655 экземпляров. В 1984 году Фелдстейн ушёл в отставку, а вместо него журнал возглавили Джон Фикарра и Ник Меглин. Они совместно руководили изданием следующие 20 лет, пока в 2004 году Меглин не отошёл от дел, предоставив Фикарре управлять делами единолично.

В начале 1960-х годов издательство Гейнса было продано Kinney Parking Company, к концу десятилетия также завладевшей National Periodicals (также известной как DC Comics) и Warner Bros.. Гейнс сохранил за собой место в совете директоров и в целом продолжал курировать издание без лишнего вмешательства.

После смерти Гейнса Mad заметнее интегрировался в корпоративную структуру Time Warner. Редакция покинула помещения на Мэдисон-авеню и середине 1990-х, одновременно с DC Comics, переехала на Бродвей. В 2001 году журнал нарушил самоограничение на размещение рекламы, благодаря чему удалось ввести в производство цветную печать и повысить качество бумаги.

Первые номера журнала выходили в свет на нерегулярной основе, за год их могло быть от четырёх до семи. К концу 1958 года Mad остановился на необычной периодичности — восемь номеров в год which lasted almost four decades., поскольку Гейнс считал, что такой режим способствует повышению качеству издания. Впоследствии начали выходить дополнительные номера, и к январю 1997 года Mad вышел на традиционную ежемесячную периодичность. Начиная с 500-го номера (июнь 2009 года) в рамках общей стратегии снижения расходов в Time Warner журнал временно стал выходить ежеквартально, но в 2010 году вновь увеличил число номеров за год до шести

Влияние

Хотя в печати, на радио и в фильмах известны и более ранние примеры аналогичного Mad юмористического стиля, журнал стал одним из первопроходцев. В 1950-е годы журнал предлагал читателям сочетание искромётных пародий и сентиментальных обыгрышей штампов американской культуры с умением искусно показать фальшивку, скрывающуюся за внешней картинкой. The New York Times на 25-летие журнала писал, что Mad в 1950-е сформировал поколение скептически настроенных граждан, которые в 1960-е протестовали против войны во Вьетнаме, а в 1970-е помогли отправить в отставку президента Ричарда Никсона, и ни в одном из случаев не испытывали угрызений совести.

О Mad часто говорят, что журнал восполнил недостаток политической сатиры с 1950-х по 1970-е годы, когда в Соединённых Штатах преобладали «красная угроза» в идеологии и цензура в культуре, особенно в литературе для подростков. Появление таких технологий, как кабельное телевидение и Интернет, снизили значимость журнала, но он по-прежнему остаётся одним из популярных периодических изданий. В большей степени Mad стал жертвой собственного успеха: то, что в 1950-70-е годы было смелым, сейчас стало общим местом. Но влияние журнала на три поколения сатириков можно оценить, например, по частоте упоминания Mad в сериале The Simpsons. Продюсер «Симпсонов» Билл Оукли (англ. Bill Oakley) так охарактеризовал это влияние: «The Simpsons словно вобрали в себя журнал Mad. Фактически все, кто вырос между 1955 и 1975 годами, читали Mad и с его помощью развили чувство юмора. Наши герои — Дейв Берг, Дон Мартин — к сожалению, умерли, но The Simpsons оказались на их месте в сердцах американцев». В 2009 году The New York Times написал, что Mad, ранее определявший американскую сатиру, теперь довольствуется пометками на полях, в то время как вся культура совревнуется за звание лучшего трикстера. Давний автор журнала Эл Джаффии в 2010 году двле следующее описание возникшей дилемме: «Когда Mad появился в 1952 году, он был единственным игроком на поле. Теперь те, кто вырос на его юморе, сами начали игру: это The Today Show, это Стивен Кольбер, это Saturday Night Live. И Mad должен их превзойти. То есть Mad соревнуется сам с собой».

Mad находил самые разнообразные темы для пародий. Это были и рекламные кампании, и американские семьи, и средства массовой информации, большой бизнес, образование, печать. В 1960-е и далее журнал смеялся над такими свежими темами, как сексуальная революция, движение хиппи, разрыв поколений, психоанализ, контроль за оружием, загрязнение окружающей среды, Война во Вьетнаме и употребление наркотиков. При этом журнал относился негативно не только к запрещённым веществам, вроде марихуаны или ЛСД, но и к традиционно разрешаемым, вроде табака и алкоголя. Безжалостная сатира Mad обращалась как против демократов, так и против республиканцев. И одновременно находилось место для менее «горячих» тем, вроде сказок, стихов, спорта и прочих областей, вызывающих интерес.

Примечания

  1. Winn, Marie. What Became of Childhood Innocence?, The New York Times (January 25, 1981). Проверено 2 февраля 2011.
  2. Corliss, Richard. The Glory and Horror of EC Comics, Time (April 29, 2004). Архивировано 17 сентября 2012 года. Проверено 12 мая 2010.
  3. Franklin Harris. The Long, Gory Life of EC Comics. Reason. Проверено 2 февраля 2011.
  4. Slaubaugh, Mike. Mad Magazine circulation figures. Users.ipfw.edu. Проверено 2 февраля 2011.
  5. [url=http://www.toonopedia.com/mad.htm Mad] at Don Markstein's Toonopedia. Retrieved on February 2, 2011. Archived from the original on March 15, 2012.
  6. (November 1958) «{{{title}}}». MAD (E. C. Publications) 1 (42). “MAD – November 1958, Volume I, Number 42, is published monthly except January, April, July and October...”
  7. (May 1995) «{{{title}}}». MAD (E. C. Publications) (335). “MAD...is published monthly except bimonthly for January/February, March/April, July/August and October/November...”
  8. (June 1995) «{{{title}}}». MAD (E. C. Publications) (336). “MAD...is published monthly except bimonthly for January/February, March/April and October/November...”
  9. (December 1996) «{{{title}}}». MAD (E. C. Publications) (352). “MAD...is published monthly except bimonthly for January/February...”
  10. (January 1997) «{{{title}}}». MAD (E. C. Publications) (353). “MAD...is published monthly by E. C. Publications Inc...”
  11. George Gene Gustines. "Sad News for Mad Fans" The New York Times; January 23, 2009
  12. Mad, Issue 504, pg.4.
  13. Kehr, Dave. When Unmanly Men Met Womanly Women, The New York Times (August 20, 2006). Проверено 2 февраля 2011.
  14. Mike Lynch Cartoons: 1977 NY Times: 25 Years of Mad Magazine UPDATED. Mikelynchcartoons.blogspot.com (August 15, 2007). Проверено 2 февраля 2011.
  15. Mad Collector Resource Center: On the Lighter Side. Collectmad.com. Проверено 2 февраля 2011. Архивировано 11 мая 2011 года.
  16. Ortved, John; The Simpsons: An Uncensored, Unauthorized History; Faber & Faber; 2009
  17. Carmody, Deirdre. MAD Magazine News, The New York Times (April 13, 2009). Проверено 2 февраля 2011.
  18. Cartoonist Al Jaffee, the Original Mad Man | Mother Jones
  19. "MAD About Politics", Insight Editions, 2008
  20. Absolutely Mad, Graphic Imaging Technology, 2006.
  21. Reidelbach, Maria. Completely Mad, New York: Little Brown, 1991. ISBN 0-316-73890-5

www.zirozebar.com

Mad (журнал)

сатирический журнал Периодичность:

раз в два месяца

Язык:

английский

Главный редактор:

Харви Курцманen 1952–56Эл Фелдстейнen 1956–84Джон Фикарра и Ник Меглин 1984–2004Джон Фикарра 2004–н в

Издатель:

DC Comics Time Warner

Страна:

США США

Дата основания:

1952

Комплектация:

журнал

Тираж:

175,000–2,100,000

ISSN печатнойверсии:

0024-9319

Веб-сайт:

madmagazinecom

 Mad на Викискладе

Mad рус безумный, бешеный — американский сатирический журнал, основанный в 1952 году редактором Харви Курцманом англ Harvey Kurtzman и издателем Уильямом Гейнсом англ William Gaines Изначально выпускаемый как книга комиксов, Mad вскоре превратился в полноценный журнал, который стал примером для других изданий и оказал влияние не только на свой сектор журналистики, но и на культуру общества конца XX века в целом На пике популярности в 1970-е годы под руководством редактора Эла Фелдстейна англ Al Feldstein журнал выходил тиражом более 2 миллионов экземпляров1

Журнал является единственным оставшимся изданием из известной23 компании EC Comics Он предлагает читателям сатирические публикацию на темы современного общества, популярной культуры, политики и индустрии развлечений В своём составе имеет как повторяющиеся темы, например, пародии на теле- и кинопродукцию, так и оригинальные статьи свободной формы Символом Mad является Альфред Е Нойман англ Alfred E Neuman, неоднократно появлявшийся на обложке как сам по себе, так и в коллажах на злободневные темы

История журналаправить

Первый номер журнала появился в продаже в августе 1952 номер за октябрь–ноябрь Издателем новой книги комиксов Mad выступила компания EC Comics, расположенная в нижнем Манхэттене на Лафайет-стрит В начале 1960-х годов редакция переехала на Мэдисон-авеню, новый адрес был обыгран в журнале: «485 MADison Avenue» «MAD» заглавными буквами является зарегистрированной торговой маркой журнала

Содержание первого номера был практически полностью подготовлено Харви Курцманом, иллюстрации кроме него выполнили Уолли Вуд, Уилл Элдер, Джек Дэвис и Джон Северин Вуд, Элдер и Дэвис стали основными карикатуристами журнала на следующие 23 номера

Начиная с номера 24 за июль 1955 года издание стало выходить в виде полноценного журнала Гейнс, издатель Mad, пошёл на этот шаг, чтобы сохранить на посту редактора Курцмана, который получил выгодное предложение от конкурентов Курцман проработал ещё год, и в 1956 году его сменил Эл Фелдстейн англ Al Feldstein Однако расширение принесло дополнительную выгоду: журнал вышел из-под ограничений, накладываемых на комиксы регулирующей организацией Comics Code Authority Фелдстейн привлёк в команду таких карикатуристов, как Дон Мартин, Фрэнк Якобс, Морт Дракер, Антонио Прохиас, Дейв Берг и Серджио Арагонес В 1974 году тираж обновлённого Mad достиг 2 132 655 экземпляров4 В 1984 году Фелдстейн ушёл в отставку, а вместо него журнал возглавили Джон Фикарра и Ник Меглин Они совместно руководили изданием следующие 20 лет, пока в 2004 году Меглин не отошёл от дел, предоставив Фикарре управлять делами единолично

В начале 1960-х годов издательство Гейнса было продано Kinney Parking Company, к концу десятилетия также завладевшей National Periodicals также известной как DC Comics и Warner Bros Гейнс сохранил за собой место в совете директоров и в целом продолжал курировать издание без лишнего вмешательства5

После смерти Гейнса Mad заметнее интегрировался в корпоративную структуру Time Warner Редакция покинула помещения на Мэдисон-авеню и середине 1990-х, одновременно с DC Comics, переехала на Бродвей В 2001 году журнал нарушил самоограничение на размещение рекламы, благодаря чему удалось ввести в производство цветную печать и повысить качество бумаги

Первые номера журнала выходили в свет на нерегулярной основе, за год их могло быть от четырёх до семи К концу 1958 года Mad остановился на необычной периодичности — восемь номеров в год6 which lasted almost four decades78, поскольку Гейнс считал, что такой режим способствует повышению качеству издания Впоследствии начали выходить дополнительные номера, и к январю 1997 года Mad вышел на традиционную ежемесячную периодичность910 Начиная с 500-го номера июнь 2009 года в рамках общей стратегии снижения расходов в Time Warner журнал временно стал выходить ежеквартально11, но в 2010 году вновь увеличил число номеров за год до шести12

Влияниеправить

Хотя в печати, на радио и в фильмах известны и более ранние примеры аналогичного Mad юмористического стиля, журнал стал одним из первопроходцев В 1950-е годы журнал предлагал читателям сочетание искромётных пародий и сентиментальных обыгрышей штампов американской культуры с умением искусно показать фальшивку, скрывающуюся за внешней картинкой13 The New York Times на 25-летие журнала писал, что Mad в 1950-е сформировал поколение скептически настроенных граждан, которые в 1960-е протестовали против войны во Вьетнаме, а в 1970-е помогли отправить в отставку президента Ричарда Никсона, и ни в одном из случаев не испытывали угрызений совести14

О Mad часто говорят, что журнал восполнил недостаток политической сатиры с 1950-х по 1970-е годы, когда в Соединённых Штатах преобладали «красная угроза» в идеологии и цензура в культуре, особенно в литературе для подростков Появление таких технологий, как кабельное телевидение и Интернет, снизили значимость журнала, но он по-прежнему остаётся одним из популярных периодических изданий В большей степени Mad стал жертвой собственного успеха: то, что в 1950-70-е годы было смелым, сейчас стало общим местом Но влияние журнала на три поколения сатириков можно оценить, например, по частоте упоминания Mad в сериале The Simpsons15 Продюсер «Симпсонов» Билл Оукли англ Bill Oakley так охарактеризовал это влияние: «The Simpsons словно вобрали в себя журнал Mad Фактически все, кто вырос между 1955 и 1975 годами, читали Mad и с его помощью развили чувство юмора Наши герои — Дейв Берг, Дон Мартин — к сожалению, умерли, но The Simpsons оказались на их месте в сердцах американцев»16 В 2009 году The New York Times написал, что Mad, ранее определявший американскую сатиру, теперь довольствуется пометками на полях, в то время как вся культура совревнуется за звание лучшего трикстера17 Давний автор журнала Эл Джаффии в 2010 году двле следующее описание возникшей дилемме: «Когда Mad появился в 1952 году, он был единственным игроком на поле Теперь те, кто вырос на его юморе, сами начали игру: это The Today Show, это Стивен Кольбер, это Saturday Night Live И Mad должен их превзойти То есть Mad соревнуется сам с собой»18

Mad находил самые разнообразные темы для пародий Это были и рекламные кампании, и американские семьи, и средства массовой информации, большой бизнес, образование, печать В 1960-е и далее журнал смеялся над такими свежими темами, как сексуальная революция, движение хиппи, разрыв поколений, психоанализ, контроль за оружием, загрязнение окружающей среды, Война во Вьетнаме и употребление наркотиков При этом журнал относился негативно не только к запрещённым веществам, вроде марихуаны или ЛСД, но и к традиционно разрешаемым, вроде табака и алкоголя Безжалостная сатира Mad обращалась как против демократов, так и против республиканцев19 И одновременно находилось место для менее «горячих» тем, вроде сказок, стихов, спорта и прочих областей, вызывающих интерес2021

Примечанияправить

  1. ↑ Winn, Marie What Became of Childhood Innocence, The New York Times January 25, 1981 Проверено 2 февраля 2011
  2. ↑ Corliss, Richard The Glory and Horror of EC Comics, Time April 29, 2004 Архивировано из первоисточника 17 сентября 2012 Проверено 12 мая 2010
  3. ↑ Franklin Harris The Long, Gory Life of EC Comics Reason Проверено 2 февраля 2011
  4. ↑ Slaubaugh, Mike Mad Magazine circulation figures Usersipfwedu Проверено 2 февраля 2011
  5. ↑ url=http://wwwtoonopediacom/madhtm Mad at Don Markstein's Toonopedia Retrieved on February 2, 2011 Archived from the original on March 15, 2012
  6. ↑ November 1958 «» MAD E C Publications 1 42 “MAD – November 1958, Volume I, Number 42, is published monthly except January, April, July and October”
  7. ↑ May 1995 «» MAD E C Publications 335 “MADis published monthly except bimonthly for January/February, March/April, July/August and October/November”
  8. ↑ June 1995 «» MAD E C Publications 336 “MADis published monthly except bimonthly for January/February, March/April and October/November”
  9. ↑ December 1996 «» MAD E C Publications 352 “MADis published monthly except bimonthly for January/February”
  10. ↑ January 1997 «» MAD E C Publications 353 “MADis published monthly by E C Publications Inc”
  11. ↑ George Gene Gustines "Sad News for Mad Fans" The New York Times; January 23, 2009
  12. ↑ Mad, Issue 504, pg4
  13. ↑ Kehr, Dave When Unmanly Men Met Womanly Women, The New York Times August 20, 2006 Проверено 2 февраля 2011
  14. ↑ Mike Lynch Cartoons: 1977 NY Times: 25 Years of Mad Magazine UPDATED Mikelynchcartoonsblogspotcom August 15, 2007 Проверено 2 февраля 2011
  15. ↑ Mad Collector Resource Center: On the Lighter Side Collectmadcom Проверено 2 февраля 2011
  16. ↑ Ortved, John; The Simpsons: An Uncensored, Unauthorized History; Faber & Faber; 2009
  17. ↑ Carmody, Deirdre MAD Magazine News, The New York Times April 13, 2009 Проверено 2 февраля 2011
  18. ↑ Cartoonist Al Jaffee, the Original Mad Man | Mother Jones
  19. ↑ "MAD About Politics", Insight Editions, 2008
  20. ↑ Absolutely Mad, Graphic Imaging Technology, 2006
  21. ↑ Reidelbach, Maria Completely Mad, New York: Little Brown, 1991 ISBN 0-316-73890-5

Mad (журнал) Информация о

Mad (журнал)Mad (журнал)

Mad (журнал) Информация Видео

Mad (журнал) Просмотр темы.

Mad (журнал) что, Mad (журнал) кто, Mad (журнал) объяснение

There are excerpts from wikipedia on this article and video

www.turkaramamotoru.com

Смотрите также

KDC-Toru | Все права защищены © 2018 | Карта сайта